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high earth orbit
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medium earth orbit
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low earth orbit
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atmosphere
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earth
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space between the earth & moon
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lunar orbit
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moon
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mearth line
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space between the moon & mars
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mars orbit
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deimos
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phobos
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mars
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Welcome to The Moon Hut Classification System

Necessity is the mother of invention, a truth that became evident in January 2017 during an encounter with Dennis Wingo, the Founder of SkyCorp, at NASA Ames. The challenge at hand was to decipher the specialized space language he utilized to articulate the services his company provides.

Equipped with a pen, we began with a circle representing Earth, marked as our starting point. A series of numbered arcs were drawn, symbolizing various locations from Earth's atmosphere to realms beyond Mars.. This diagram wasn't just a tool for communication; it illuminated our near-Earth geography.

This exercise wasn't just about drawing; it was about generating a shared language to navigate the celestial landscape. To orient Dennis we asked, "Where does Virgin Galactic operate?" His response, "1 and 2," - Earth and atmosphere. Adding to that, we suggested, "Aspirationally 3," to which Dennis agreed.

Our understanding of the new classification deepened when we asked Dennis where does SkyCorp operates. With no hesitation, "1 to 8". We were getting someplace. Still lost, we asked Dennis to show us on his computer what his company builds. The images shown were verifiably transport and cargo vehicles. Suddenly, it all made sense: SkyCorp was a space logistics company working between Earth and the Moon.

This exchange laid the groundwork for the Project Moon Hut Classification system, with the future addition of the Mearth Line, an imaginary boundary 297,000 miles from Earth. This demarcation line doesn't just track our celestial neighbor's orbit; it signifies the synergy between our world and the moon.

Today, this classification system is the cornerstone of the MearthLink platform in production, providing a geographical framework that will aid the Earth and space-based ecosystem to collaborate and innovate. It is an important element in the evolution of the Mearth Ecosystem and the emerging Mearth Economic System as we navigate the Foundation’s 40-Year Plan.

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Baikonur Cosmodrome

The Baikonur Cosmodrome is a spaceport operated by Russia within Kazakhstan.

Located in the Kazakh city of Baikonur, it is the largest operational space launch facility in terms of area.
All Russian crewed spaceflights are launched from Baikonur.

Many historic flights lifted off from Baikonur:

  • the first operational ICBM
  • the first man-made satellite, Sputnik 1, on 4 October 1957
  • the first spacecraft to travel close to the Moon, Luna 1, on 2 January 1959
  • the first crewed and orbital flight by Yuri Gagarin on 12 April 1961
  • the flight of the first woman in space, Valentina Tereshkova, in 1963

More than 1,200 space launches have been handled so far from Baikonur.

John F. Kennedy Space Center

The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC), located on Merritt Island, Florida, is one of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) ten field centers.

Since December 1968, KSC has been NASA's primary launch center of human spaceflight, research, and technology.

Launch operations for the Apollo, Skylab and Space Shuttle programs were carried out from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 and managed by KSC.

Since 2020, SpaceX launching from there crews with the Dragon Space Craft to the International Space Station for NASA and is operating private space flights from the facility.

Located on the east coast of Florida, KSC is adjacent to Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCSFS).

A new crew flight possibility will be active in 2024 from Space Launch Complex 40 (SLC-40) of the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, which is in the same area.

Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center

Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center is a Chinese space vehicle launch spaceport located in the Gobi Desert, Inner Mongolia.

It is part of the Dongfeng Aerospace City. Although the facility is geographically located within Ejin Banner of Inner Mongolia's Alxa League, it is named after the nearest city, Jiuquan in Gansu Province.

The launch center straddles both sides of the Ruo Shui river. The launch center has been the focus of many of China's ventures into space, including their first satellite Dong Fang Hong I in 1970, and their first crewed space mission Shenzhou 5 on 15 October 2003.

As of 2023, all Chinese crewed space flights, meaning all flights in the Shenzhou program including crewed flights to the Tiangong space station, have launched from Jiuquan.

ISS - International Space Station

The ISS is the biggest technology project of human kind and a collaboration between several space agencies (NASA, Roscosmos, ESA, CSA & JAXA).

The station travels from west to east on an orbital inclination of 51.6 degrees. Each orbit takes 90-93 minutes, depending on the exact altitude of the ISS, which is between 380 and 420 kilometers.

The ISS is on duty with human crews since the year 2000.

Tiangon - Chinese Space Station

Tiangon (chinese for Heavenly Palace) is the first Chinese space station in Low Earth Orbit and in crew operation since June 2012.

The station travels from west to east on an orbital inclination of 41.47 degrees. Each orbit takes beween 91 and 92 minutes, depending on the exact altitude of Tiangon, wich is between 381 and 393 kilometers.

Armstrong - Aldrin - Collins

July 16 to 24, 1969

First successful landing on the Moon

EVA on the Moon: 2h 31m 40s

Time on the Moon: 21h 36m

Conrad - Gordon - Bean

November 14 to 24, 1969

Attempt at a particular landing next to a research probe (Surveyor 3)

EVA's on the Moon: 7h 45m

Time on the Moon: 31h 31m 11s

Roosa - Shepard - Mitchell

January 31 to February 9, 1971

EVA's on the Moon: 9h 21m

Time on the Moon: 1d 9h 30m 31s

Scott - Worden - Irwin

July 26 to August 7, 1971

EVA's on the Moon: 18h 33m

Time on the Moon: 2d 18h 54m 54s

Mattingly - Young - Duke

April 16 to 24, 1972

EVA's on the Moon: 20h 17m

Time on the Moon: 2d 23h 2m

Schmitt - Cernan - Evans

December 7 to 19, 1972

EVA's on the Moon: 22h 3m 57s

Time on the Moon: 3d 2h 59m 40s

Yutu

Yutu (Chinese: 玉兔; pinyin: Yùtù; lit. 'Jade Rabbit') was a robotic lunar rover that formed part of the Chinese Chang'e 3 mission to the Moon.

It was launched at 17:30 UTC on 1 December 2013, and reached the Moon's surface on 14 December 2013.

The mission marks the first soft landing on the Moon since 1976 and the first rover to operate there since the Soviet Lunokhod 2 ceased operations on 11 May 1973.

Yutu-2

Yutu-2 (Chinese: 玉兔二号; pinyin: Yùtù Èrhào) is the robotic lunar rover component of CNSA's Chang'e 4 mission to the Moon, launched on 7 December 2018 18:23 UTC.

It entered lunar orbit on 12 December 2018 before making the first soft landing on the far side of the Moon on 3 January 2019.

Yutu-2 is currently operational as the longest-lived lunar rover and the first lunar rover traversing the far side of the Moon.

Lunokhod 1

Lunokhod 1 (Russian: Луноход-1 "Moonwalker 1"), also known as Аппарат 8ЕЛ № 203 ("Device 8EL No. 203") was the first robotic rover on the Moon and the first to freely move across the surface of an astronomical object beyond the Earth.

Sent by the Soviet Union it was part of the robotic rovers Lunokhod program. The Luna 17 spacecraft carried Lunokhod 1 to the Moon in 1970. Lunokhod 0 (No.201), the previous and first attempt to land a rover, launched in February 1969 but failed to reach Earth orbit.

Although only designed for a lifetime of three lunar days (approximately three Earth months), Lunokhod 1 operated on the lunar surface for eleven lunar days (321 Earth days) and traversed a total distance of 10.54 km.

Lunokhod 2

Lunokhod 2 (Russian: Луноход-2 ("Moonwalker 2"), also known as Аппарат 8ЕЛ № 204 ("Device 8EL No. 204") was the second of two uncrewed lunar rovers that landed on the Moon by the Soviet Union as part of the Lunokhod programme.

The Luna 21 spacecraft landed on the Moon and deployed the second Soviet lunar rover, Lunokhod 2, in January 1973. The lander and rover together massed 1814 kg. The rover travelled a stimated distance of about 42.1–42.2 km (26.2–26.2 mi) on the moon.

Chandrayaan-3

Chandrayaan-3 (/ˌtʃʌndrəˈjɑːn/ CHUN-drə-YAHN) is the third mission in the Chandrayaan programme, a series of lunar-exploration missions developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

Chandrayaan-3 was launched from Satish Dhawan Space Centre on 14 July 2023. The spacecraft entered lunar orbit on 5 August, and the lander touched down near the Lunar south pole on 23 August at 18:03 IST (12:33 UTC), making India the fourth country to successfully land on the Moon, and the first to do so near the lunar south pole.

Luna 9

The USSR's unmanned Luna 9 spacecraft was the first human-made object to successfully land in February 1966 soft on the Moon.

The USSR became the first country to achieve a successful soft lunar landing.

Intuitive Machines Nova-C lander

The IM-1 lunar lander, named Odysseus was launched by a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket on 15 February 2024, and landed on the lunar surface on 22 February.

This marked the inaugural Nova-C landing on the Moon and the first American spacecraft to perform a soft landing on the Moon in over 50 years.

SLIM Lander

Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM) is a lunar lander mission of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA).

The lander landed on 19 January 2024 at 15:20 UTC, making Japan the fifth country to soft-land a spacecraft on the Moon.

The lander deployed to tiny rovers named LEV-1 and LEV-2 (Lunar Excursion Vehicle).

Moon Hut

Located in the southern highlands, Clavius crater is a major lunar feature known for its stability and scientifically valuable terrain.
It contains about 355 milliliters (12-ounces) of water per cubic meter of soil, making it perfect for sustainable exploration and the proposed site for our Moon Hut.

Fun fact: In "2001 - A Space Odyssey," a film by Stanley Kubrick and Arthur C. Clarke, the nearby monolith, Tycho Magnetic Anomaly-1 (TMA-1), measures about 1 meter by 4 meters by 9 meters.

Believed to be placed by aliens to influence human evolution, it adds a compelling reason to explore this area.

Viking 1

The Viking program consisted of a pair of identical American space probes, Viking 1 and Viking 2, which landed on Mars in 1976.

The mission effort began in 1968 and was managed by the NASA Langley Research Center.

Each spacecraft was composed of two main parts: an orbiter designed to photograph the surface of Mars from orbit, and a lander designed to study the planet from the surface. The orbiters also served as communication relays for the landers once they touched down.

Viking 2

The Viking program consisted of a pair of identical American space probes, Viking 1 and Viking 2, which landed on Mars in 1976.

The mission effort began in 1968 and was managed by the NASA Langley Research Center.

Each spacecraft was composed of two main parts: an orbiter designed to photograph the surface of Mars from orbit, and a lander designed to study the planet from the surface. The orbiters also served as communication relays for the landers once they touched down.

Pathfinder

Mars Pathfinder (MESUR Pathfinder) is an American robotic spacecraft that landed a base station with a roving probe on Mars in 1997.

It consisted of a lander, renamed the Carl Sagan Memorial Station, and a lightweight, 10.6 kg (23 lbs) wheeled robotic Mars rover named Sojourner, the first rover to operate outside the Earth–Moon system.

Spirit

Spirit, also known as MER-A (Mars Exploration Rover – A) or MER-2, is a Mars robotic rover, active from 2004 to 2010.

Spirit was operational on Mars for 2208 sols or 3.3 Martian years (2269 days; 6 years, 77 days).

It was one of two rovers of NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Mission managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).

Spirit landed successfully within the impact crater Gusev on Mars at 04:35 Ground UTC on January 4, 2004, three weeks before its twin, Opportunity (MER-B), which landed on the other side of the planet.

Opportunity

Opportunity, also known as MER-B (Mars Exploration Rover – B) or MER-1, is a robotic rover that was active on Mars from 2004 until 2018.

Opportunity was operational on Mars for 5111 sols (14 years, 138 days on Earth).

Launched on July 7, 2003, as part of NASA's Mars Exploration Rover program, it landed in Meridiani Planum on January 25, 2004, three weeks after its twin, Spirit (MER-A), touched down on the other side of the planet.

Curiosity

Curiosity is a car-sized Mars rover exploring Gale crater and Mount Sharp on Mars as part of NASA's Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission.

Curiosity was launched from Cape Canaveral (CCAFS) on November 26, 2011, at 15:02:00 UTC and landed on Aeolis Palus inside Gale crater on Mars on August 6, 2012, 05:17:57 UTC.

The Bradbury Landing site was less than 2.4 km (1.5 mi) from the center of the rover's touchdown target after a 560 million km (350 million mi) journey.

The rover is still operational, and as of 17 November 2023, Curiosity has been active on Mars for 4010 sols (4120 total days; 11 years, 103 days) since its landing.

Perseverance

Perseverance, nicknamed Percy, is a car-sized Mars rover designed to explore the Jezero crater on Mars as part of NASA's Mars 2020 mission.

It was manufactured by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and launched on July 30, 2020, at 11:50 UTC. Confirmation that the rover successfully landed on Mars was received on February 18, 2021, at 20:55 UTC.

As of November 17, 2023, Perseverance has been active on Mars for 975 sols (1003 Earth days, or 2 years, 8 months and 30 days) since its landing.

Following the rover's arrival, NASA named the landing site Octavia E. Butler Landing. The rover also carried the mini-helicopter Ingenuity to Mars, an experimental technology testbed that made the first powered aircraft flight on another planet on April 19, 2021.

As of November 17, 2023 (UTC), it has made 66 successful flights and has repeatedly broken its own records for speed, distance and altitude.

Zhurong

Zhurong (Chinese: 祝融; pinyin: Zhùróng) is a Chinese rover on Mars, the country's first to land on another planet after it previously landed two rovers on the Moon.

The rover is part of the Tianwen-1 mission to Mars conducted by the China National Space Administration (CNSA).

Designed for a lifespan of 90 sols (93 Earth days), Zhurong was active for 347 sols (356.5 days) after its deployment on Mars's surface.

The rover became inactive on 20 May 2022 due to approaching sandstorms and Martian winter, pending its self-awakening with appropriate temperature and sunlight conditions.

- 2024 - Patent Pending
Project Moon Hut Foundation